Australian Dental Council (ADC) Test 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

In the scenario described, the patient's sudden oedematous rash and collapse following the administration of barbiturates suggest a severe allergic reaction, such as anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention to prevent complications such as respiratory distress, hypotension, and potential cardiovascular collapse.

Administering adrenaline (epinephrine) is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, as it acts quickly to counteract the severe vasodilation and bronchoconstriction associated with this condition. The 1 mg dose of adrenaline in a 1:1000 solution is appropriate for adults and can quickly reverse the symptoms of anaphylaxis by promoting vasoconstriction, increasing heart rate, and dilating the airways. Oxygen administration may also be indicated in cases where there is respiratory compromise, further supporting the need for prompt resuscitation efforts.

The other management options, while potentially useful in different contexts, do not address the immediate life-threatening nature of anaphylaxis. Cold compresses may provide some symptomatic relief for local reactions but would be inadequate for a systemic reaction. Antihistamines can ease mild allergic symptoms but are not effective in treating anaphylaxis and should not delay the administration of adrenaline. Intravenous